Specific Aims AIM 1. Identify distinct and common skin immune features associated with aging and frailty-associated dysbiosis (FADS) to inform skin infection risk. AIM 2. Model how aging-related changes in skin infection response are modulated by the microbiome, senescence, inflammation, and genetic diversity. Design and Outcomes This is a prospective, observational, cohort study that will investigate how age-related declines in skin immunity relate to corresponding changes in the skin and its microbiome. Sample Size, Population, Interventions and Duration In this study, 42 participants ages 20-40 years old and 82 participants ages 60 years and older will be enrolled at the UConn Center on Aging in Farmington, CT and will participate in 4 study visits over 5 weeks. Visit 2 will occur the day after Visit 1. Visit 3 will occur 21 +/- 7 days after Visit 1 and Visit 4 the day after Visit 3. Skin (swab and microneedle patch at 7 skin sites) will be collected from participants to study the microbiome, immune profiling of interstitial fluid (ISF), and metabolomics. The seven skin sites will also be probed for skin physiologic metrics associated with frailty and aging. Participants will also have the option to provide oral swabs and self-collected stool samples that will be banked for future studies. The study is not designed to assess safety or tolerability of microneedle patch used as part of this proposed study.
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