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Clinical Trials: Addiction/Substance Abuse
IRB No. 1337-85-1 (Dr. Victor Hesselbrock, PI): (1) Neuroelectric Correlates of Risk for Alcohol Dependence (2) Deviance Proneness and the Risk for Alcohol Dependence
Study description not available
IRB No. 18-091S-1 (Dr. Erin Mead-Morse, PI): Addictive Potential of Little Cigars/Cigarillos in Dual Users: Effect by Flavor and Gender
This study aims to measure the potential for addiction to little cigars and cigarillos (LCCs) compared to cigarettes, determine their substitutability for cigarettes, and whether flavor adds to their addictiveness. We will also explore differences by sex. The focus of the study is on young adults who currently smoke both cigarettes and LCCs. This is a randomized cross-over study with 125 young adult (18-34 years old) dual users (50% women, 50% men) who are not interested in quitting. Participants will be in the study for two weeks. For the first week, they will be randomized to receive either their preferred flavor of LCC or unflavored (plain tobacco) LCCs (of the same brand). They will be asked to use the study-provided LCC in place of their usual LCC as much as they are able to for one week. Then they will cross over and receive the other type of LCC and use that for one week. We will compare measures of dependence and use for flavored vs. unflavored LCCs vs. cigarettes. We will also differences between men and women in their addiction to LCCs.
IRB No. 22-328-1 (Dr. Lisa Barry, PI): Assessing Geriatric conditions as novel risk factors for dropout among those seeking treatment for Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) in mid-to-late life: The role of incarceration history
This research is being done to identify geriatric conditions in persons seeking SUD treatment after mid-to-late life reentry as a novel means of distinguishing who may be at greater risk of SUD treatment dropout. The results could help us improve SUD services-related outcomes for those reentering the community in mid-to-late life following incarceration.
IRB No. 17-045J-2 (Dr. Mario Perez, PI): The Airway Inflammatory Profile of E-Cigarette Users
Study objective: The reserach study is about how the human body, particularly the airways, react to the regular use of e-cigarettes. The purpose is to show that regular use of e-cigarettes can be associated with airway inflammation in the sputum of regular users of e-cig. We intend to study if the regular use of e-cig, in a simliar way to conventional cigarettes, can trigger an inflammatory response in the airways. Hypotheses: 1. subjects who use e-cigarettes have evidence of airway inflammation when compared to healthy non-smoker subjects 2. Subjects who smoke regular tobacco cigarettes have evidence of more airway inflammaiton than e-cigarette users. 3. Subjects who use e-cigs with flavoring, e.g. chocolate, or regular cigarettes with flavoring (e.g. menthol) will have more airway inflammation than e-cig and regular cigarette users who don't use flavored products, e.g. menthol. Aims: 1. We plan to characterize airway inflammation profile in e-cig users compared to healthy non-smokers 2. We plan to characterize the airway inlfammatory profile of tobacco cigarette smokers compared to e-cig users. 3. We plan to characterize the effect of menthol in e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes on the airway inflammatory profile.
IRB No. 24X-083-2 (Dr. Richard Kamin, PI): By-stander Naloxone Administration and Refusal for Transport in Emergency Medical Care
The opioid epidemic continues to be a major public health concern in the United States. Treatment of opioid overdose with opioid antagonist naloxone has been a major tactic to combat the ever-increasing fatality count of death attributable to opioid use. Naloxone, an opioid antagonist, has since been formulated for emergent reversal of opioid-related overdose. Since its intra-nasal formulation received FDA approval in 2015, naloxone administration has expanded beyond paramedics, the highest level of emergency services care-provider, to include first responders such as police and fire. Naloxone has also become available to the public for administration by bystanders. According to the World Health Organization, after opioid overdose reversal with naloxone a patient should be transported and observed in a healthcare facility. Little research has been done on the consequences of bystander naloxone administration in terms of compliance with this recommendation. This study aims to elucidate such implications of bystander administration by utilizing the Statewide Opioid Reporting Directive (SWORD) database.